Windows Hyper-V Containers are available on the Windows 10 Client, through the insiders program. This is intended for development scenarios. You can run your Windows Containers locally, building up your app/service, then deploying on servers running the Container feature. We're still early in the Windows container development efforts.
http://aka.ms/DockerToolsForVS. The experience built for Linux containers will support Nano Server as well. In the current Windows insiders program, you can run Nano Server based containers locally, which you can develop .NET core apps against.