They identified a niche, bootstrapped their company, solved a real pain point for their customers, and spread through word of mouth from their satisfied customers to become the dominant player in their space.
* They didn't invest in redundant systems
* They had problems at scale
* They had high running costs
* They took health and safety risks with their employees
The Social Network, Middle Men, Silicon Valley(series), Halt and Catch Fire(series), Blow(non-traditional), First 20 Million Is Always the Hardest, How To Make It In America(series), Startup.com, Pirates of Silicon Valley