If the cellular provider doesn't know who you are, why does it matter if they track your location? Under my proposed plan, they won't know who you are because the prepaid cellular service is anonymous and all your data on the wire is encrypted and going to the same VPN host.
> Getting on the PSTN anonymously seems like a completely different problem, and I'm less interested in solving it
Is there a VOIP service that will take bitcoin or some other anonymous currency? The problem is that you have to give people your name and phone number (unless you do only outgoing calls); inevitably they will become associated in many databases.