2) In the UK, most machines make you take the card out before dispensing the banknotes. Bank-owned (non-corner-shop) ATMs "spit out" the card and beep until you take the card. Only then do they dispense the cash.
3) I don't think many UK card issuers use multiple applications for the same context. That is to say, if you put your card into an ATM, only one application is likely to be compatible with that profile. There may be other applications for travel (ITSO, for example, is a travel card standard built on Global Platform). I think every EMV terminal has support for application selection menus (usually in the form of little buttons along the side of the screen) but they're virtually never used in the UK.
In my experience while travelling, US payment terminals are the most unusual.